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101 lines
3.7 KiB
Markdown
101 lines
3.7 KiB
Markdown
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---
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#### Basics
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- [Buffers, windows, tabs?](#buffers-windows-tabs)
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- [Colorschemes?](#colorschemes)
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#### Usage
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- [Managing plugins](#managing-plugins)
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---
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## Usage
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#### Buffers, windows, tabs?
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Vim is a text editor. Everytime text is shown, the text is part of a **buffer**.
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Each file will be opened in its own buffer. Plugins show stuff in their own
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buffers etc.
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Buffers have many attributes, e.g. whether the text it contains is modifiable,
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or whether it is associated with a file and thus needs to be synchronized to
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disk on saving.
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**Windows** are viewports _into_ buffers. If you want to view several files at
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the same time or even different locations of the same file, you use windows.
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And please, please don't call them _splits_. You can split a window in two, but
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that doesn't make them _splits_.
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Windows can be split vertically or horizontally and the heights and widths of
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existing windows can be altered, too. Therefore you can use whatever window
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layout you prefer.
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A **tab page** (or just tab) is a collection of windows. Thus, if you want to
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use multiple window layouts, use tabs.
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Putting it in a nutshell, if you start Vim without arguments, you'll have one
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tab page that holds one window that shows one buffer.
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By the way, the buffer list is global and you can access any buffer from any
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tab.
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#### Colorschemes?
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Colorschemes are the way to style your Vim. Vim consists of many components and
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each of those can be customized with different colors for the foreground,
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background and a few other attributes like bold text etc. They can be set like
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this:
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```viml
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:highlight Normal ctermbg=1 guibg=red
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```
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This would paint the background of the editor red. See `:h :highlight` for more
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information.
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So, colorschemes are mostly a collection of `:highlight` commands.
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Actually, most colorschemes are really 2 colorschemes! The example above sets
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colors via `ctermbg` and `guibg`. The former definition will only be used if Vim
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was started in a terminal emulator, e.g. xterm. The latter will be used in
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graphical environements like gVim.
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If you ever happen to use a certain colorscheme in Vim running in a terminal
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emulator and the colors don't look like the colors in the screenshot at all,
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chances are that the colorscheme only defined colors for the GUI.
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Here's a list of commonly used colorschemes:
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- [base16](https://github.com/chriskempson/base16-vim)
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- [gotham](https://github.com/whatyouhide/vim-gotham)
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- [gruvbox](https://github.com/morhetz/gruvbox)
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- [jellybeans](https://github.com/nanotech/jellybeans.vim)
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- [molokai](https://github.com/tomasr/molokai)
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- [railscasts](https://github.com/jpo/vim-railscasts-theme)
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- [solarized](https://github.com/altercation/vim-colors-solarized) (or a lighter variant of it: [flattened](https://github.com/romainl/flattened))
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- [vividchalk](https://github.com/tpope/vim-vividchalk)
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I use gruvbox for the GUI and [janah](https://github.com/mhinz/vim-janah) for
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the terminal.
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## Basics
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#### Managing plugins
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[Pathogen](https://github.com/tpope/vim-pathogen) was the first popular tool for
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managing plugins. Actually it just adjusts the _runtimepath_ (`:h 'rtp'`) to
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include all the things put under a certain directory. You have have to clone the
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repositories of the plugins there yourself.
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Real plugin managers expose commands that help you installing and updating
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plugins from within Vim. Hereinafter is a list of commonly used plugin managers
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in alphabetic sequence:
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- [neobundle](https://github.com/Shougo/neobundle.vim)
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- [plug](https://github.com/junegunn/vim-plug)
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- [vim-addon-manager](https://github.com/MarcWeber/vim-addon-manager)
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- [vundle](https://github.com/VundleVim/Vundle.vim)
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Plug is my favorite, but your mileage may vary.
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