Merge pull request #35 from lmcl90/encoding

encode files in utf8 instead of gb2312
This commit is contained in:
Wang Shidong
2019-02-22 11:08:17 +08:00
committed by GitHub
10 changed files with 87 additions and 87 deletions

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## ճ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><><D2AA>Ϊʲô<CAB2><C3B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><D2AA><EFBFBD>á<EFBFBD>ճ<EFBFBD><D5B3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>) ## 粘贴归类 (要不为什么我总要设置‘粘贴’?)
ճ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģʽʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ն<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ּ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ı<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ճ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ı<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 粘贴归类模式使得终端虚拟器可以区分键入文本和粘贴文本。
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Թ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Vim ճ<><D5B3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EBA3AC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ū<EFBFBD><C5AA>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD> 你是否曾经尝试过向 Vim 粘贴过代码,结果弄得一团糟?
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `cmd+v`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `shift-insert`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `middle-click` <EFBFBD>ȵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ճ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 这只会在你通过 `cmd+v` `shift-insert` `middle-click` 等等命令进行粘贴时发生。
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ն<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ı<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Vim <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֪<EFBFBD><D6AA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ճ<EFBFBD><D5B3><EFBFBD>ı<EFBFBD><C4B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><CEAA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ĵ<EFBFBD><C4B4><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><D4B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ˣ<EFBFBD><CBA3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ű棬<C5B0><E6A3AC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʧ<EFBFBD><CAA7><EFBFBD>ˡ<EFBFBD> 因为那时你只是在向终端虚拟器里丢文本。Vim 并不知道你在粘贴文本,它天真地认为你是一个熟练的打字员。因此,它尝试排版,但是失败了。
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Vim <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EEBCAF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ճ<EFBFBD><D5B3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `"+p` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͳ<EFBFBD><CDB2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><CEAA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><E2A3AC>Ϊ Vim ֪<><D6AA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ճ<EFBFBD><D5B3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 如果你使用 Vim 命令集里的粘贴,比如 `"+p` ,那这就不会成为问题,因为 Vim 知道你做的是粘贴操作。
Ϊ<EFBFBD>˽<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ճ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `:set paste` <20><><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><D4B1><EFBFBD>ȡճ<C8A1><D5B3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>״<EFBFBD><D7B4> <20>ο<EFBFBD> `:h 'paste'` <EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `:h 'pastetoggle'`. 为了解决这个,你需要设置粘贴 `:set paste` ,以便获取粘贴现状。 参考 `:h 'paste'` `:h 'pastetoggle'`.
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˲<EFBFBD>ͣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>л<EFBFBD> `'paste'` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>IJ<EFBFBD><C4B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><CEAA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʲô<CAB2><C3B4>[ճ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>](https://github.com/ConradIrwin/vim-bracketed-paste)<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 如果你已经受够了不停地切换 `'paste'` ,看一看这个不错的插件能为你做什么:[粘贴归类](https://github.com/ConradIrwin/vim-bracketed-paste)
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ߵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>չ<EFBFBD>Ķ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>[<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӭ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>](http://cirw.in/blog/bracketed-paste). 插件作者的拓展阅读:[欢迎点击](http://cirw.in/blog/bracketed-paste).
**Neovim**: Neovim Ŭ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>޷<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Щ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ն<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֧<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD>Զ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>趨ճ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģʽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> **Neovim**: Neovim 努力无缝地完成这些工作,并在终端虚拟器支持时自动设定粘贴归类模式。

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## ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ն<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Esc <20><>ʱ<EFBFBD><CAB1><EFBFBD>ӳ<EFBFBD> ## 使用终端中 Esc 键时的延迟
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> xterm<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> gnome-terminal<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> iTerm2 <EFBFBD>ȵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ν<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> _<EFBFBD>ն<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>_<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>[<EFBFBD>ն<EFBFBD>](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_terminal)<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 如果你生活在命令行里,你可能使用 xterm gnome-terminal iTerm2 等等所谓的 _终端虚拟器_。(区别于真正的[终端](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_terminal)
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ն<EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ն<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> [<EFBFBD>˳<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escape_sequence) <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>߽<EFBFBD> _<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>_<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ƹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ƶ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ı<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɫ<EFBFBD>ȵȡ<EFBFBD> 和宿主终端一样,终端虚拟器使用 [退出序列](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escape_sequence) (或者叫 _控制序列_)来控制光标移动,更换文本颜色等等。
<EFBFBD>˳<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һЩ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˳<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> [<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caret_notation) <EFBFBD><EFBFBD>չʾΪ `^[`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ASCII <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 退出序列是一些以退出码(在 [插入符号](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caret_notation) 中展示为 `^[`)开头的 ASCII 码串。
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>յ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>봮ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ն<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> [terminfo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminfo) <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֮ƥ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD> 当接收到码串时,终端虚拟器会从 [terminfo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminfo) 数据库中寻找与之匹配的指令。
Ϊ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƚ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӳ<EFBFBD>䳬ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӳ<EFBFBD>䳬ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 为了使问题更清晰,我想先解释一下映射超时。映射超时经常在模糊映射时发生:
```vim ```vim
:nnoremap ,a :echo 'foo'<cr> :nnoremap ,a :echo 'foo'<cr>
:nnoremap ,ab :echo 'bar'<cr> :nnoremap ,ab :echo 'bar'<cr>
``` ```
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>п<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `,a` <20><><EFBFBD>ͻ<EFBFBD><CDBB><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD>ӵ<EFBFBD><D3B5>ӳ٣<D3B3><D9A3><EFBFBD>Ϊ Vim <20><><EFBFBD>ȴ<EFBFBD><C8B4>û<EFBFBD><C3BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ټ<EFBFBD><D9BC><EFBFBD> `b` <20><><EFBFBD>Dz<EFBFBD><C7B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ˡ<EFBFBD> 两个映射都有可能,键入 `,a` ,就会有一秒钟的延迟,因为 Vim 会等待用户会再键入 `b` 还是不会了。
<EFBFBD>˳<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 退出序列也会引起一样的问题:
- `<esc>` <EFBFBD>ڷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģʽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˳<EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD>á<EFBFBD> - `<esc>` 在返回正常模式或退出指令时被大量使用。
- <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˳<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>н<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>б<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> - 光标键使用了退出序列进行编码
- Vim <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <kbd>Alt</kbd> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ _Meta key_<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȥ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͹̶<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ĸ<EFBFBD>λ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>أ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǻܶ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ն<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֧<EFBFBD>֣<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ĭ<EFBFBD>ϲ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ã<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˳<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> - Vim 运用 <kbd>Alt</kbd> (也被称为 _Meta key_去发送固定的高位集编码的8位比特但是很多终端虚拟器不支持或者默认不启用而用退出序列代替。
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `vim -u NONE -N` <EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˵<EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD>Ȼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `i<c-v><left>` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͻῴ<CDBB><E1BFB4>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `^[`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˳<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͷ<EFBFBD>ı<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>С<EFBFBD> 你可以用 `vim -u NONE -N` 试一试上面所说的,然后键入 `i<c-v><left>` ,你就会看见一串以 `^[`(表征退出码)开头的被输入序列。
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֮<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ּ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `<esc>` <20><>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD>ϸ<EFBFBD><CFB8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϵ<EFBFBD><CFB5>˳<EFBFBD><CBB3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ж<EFBFBD> Vim <20><>˵<EFBFBD><CBB5>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB>ʹ<EFBFBD><CDB4><EFBFBD>Ĺ<EFBFBD><C4B9>̡<EFBFBD> 简而言之,区分键入的 `<esc>` 和一个严格意义上的退出序列对 Vim 来说是一个痛苦的过程。
Ĭ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `:set timeout timeoutlen=1000` <EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Vim <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>1<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڵ<EFBFBD> _<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>_ <20><>ģ<EFBFBD><C4A3>ӳ<EFBFBD> 默认情况下 `:set timeout timeoutlen=1000` Vim 会有1秒的延迟在等 _还有吗_ 的模糊映射。
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˵<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƚ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD>˽<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Զ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ij<EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 对于映射来说,这是一个稳健的值,但是通常为了解决整个问题,你可以自定义键入的超时阈值:
```vim ```vim
set timeout " ӳ<EFBFBD>䳬ʱ set timeout " 映射超时
set timeoutlen=1000 " Ĭ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ set timeoutlen=1000 " 默认值
set ttimeout " <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>볬ʱ set ttimeout " 键入超时
set ttimeoutlen=10 " <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Сֵ set ttimeoutlen=10 " 察觉不到的小值
``` ```
ִ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `:h ttimeout` <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ҵ<EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>С<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>չʾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Щѡ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 执行 `:h ttimeout` 你可以找到一个小表格展示这些选项的相互关系。
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Vim <20><><EFBFBD>ն<EFBFBD><D5B6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֮<EFBFBD><D6AE>ʹ<EFBFBD>õ<EFBFBD><C3B5><EFBFBD> tmux <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EBBDAB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD>з<EFBFBD><D0B7><EFBFBD> `~/.tmux.conf`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 如果你在 Vim 和终端虚拟器之间使用的是 tmux ,请将以下一行放入 `~/.tmux.conf`
```tmux ```tmux
set -sg escape-time 0 set -sg escape-time 0

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## <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڲʵ<EFBFBD> ## 复活节彩蛋
| <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> | <EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϣ | | 命令 | 消息 |
|-----------|---------| |-----------|---------|
| `:Ni!` | `<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ľ<EFBFBD>ԣ<EFBFBD>` | | `:Ni!` | `你需要灌木丛?` |
| `:h 'sm'` | `ע<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƽ<EFBFBD>` | | `:h 'sm'` | `注意:这个缩写是限制级` |
| `:h 42` | `<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD>е<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʲô<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ҵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǣ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˹<EFBFBD><CBB9><EFBFBD>ǵ<EFBFBD>˹<EFBFBD><CBB9>Douglas Adams<6D><73><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ψһ֪<D2BB><D6AA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѿ<EFBFBD><D1BE><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ˡ<EFBFBD><CBA1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܻ<EFBFBD><DCBB><EFBFBD>֪<EFBFBD><D6AA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˼<EFBFBD><CBBC>ʲô<CAB2><C3B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>` | | `:h 42` | `生命,宇宙和一切的意义是什么?不幸的是, 道格拉斯・亚当斯Douglas Adams唯一知道这个问题的人现在已经死了。所以现在你可能会想知道死亡的意思是什么……` |
| `:h UserGettingBored` | `ʲôʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>û<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ᰴͬһ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>42<EFBFBD>Σ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ðɣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֻ<EFBFBD>ǿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ц :-)` | | `:h UserGettingBored` | `什么时候用户会按同一个键42次好吧我只是开个玩笑 :-)` |
| `:h bar` | `<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>̶<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>` | | `:h bar` | `这不是一个烟斗。` |
| `:h holy-grail` | `<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɪ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>վ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ҵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ˣ<EFBFBD>` | | `:h holy-grail` | `亚瑟,你终究找到了!` |
| `:h map-modes` | `:nunmap <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>޵<EFBFBD>Ժ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>.` | | `:h map-modes` | `:nunmap 命令在修道院外也能用.` |
| `:help!` | `E478<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>£<EFBFBD>` (<28><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>? <20><>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9>ģ<EFBFBD><C4A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ (<><C4A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>=<3D><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>`) <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `:h help.txt` һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ч<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>) | | `:help!` | `E478:别怕!` (故障? 在使用模块帮助时 (`模块类型=帮助`) 这和 `:h help.txt` 一个效果。) |
| `:smile` | `<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ;-) <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 7.4.1005.` | | `:smile` | `试一试这个表情 ;-) 添加于 7.4.1005.` |

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## <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ļ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ## 编辑大文件很慢
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ļ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Vim <20><>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD>Զ<EFBFBD>ȡ<EFBFBD><C8A1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ļ<EFBFBD><C4BC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD>̵<EFBFBD><CCB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȡ<EFBFBD><C8A1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڲ<EFBFBD><DAB2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><E1B9A9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ռ 大文件最大的问题,就是 Vim 会一次性读取整个文件。这一过程的完成取决于内部如何提供缓存空间。
([Vim <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>](https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/vim_dev/oY3i8rqYGD4/discussion)) ([Vim 开发的讨论](https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/vim_dev/oY3i8rqYGD4/discussion))
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȡ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `tail hugefile | vim -` <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܺõĽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>. 如果你只是想读取, `tail hugefile | vim -` 会是一个很好的解决方法.
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>: 如果不用语法,设定和插件,你也能生活自理一段时间:
``` ```
$ vim -u NONE -N $ vim -u NONE -N
``` ```
<EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD>õ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>٣<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>۸߰<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ٱ<EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD>á<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ҲӦ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Vim <20><>Ҫʹ<D2AA>ý<EFBFBD><C3BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ļ<EFBFBD><C4BC><EFBFBD> Vim <20><>Ϣ<EFBFBD>ļ<EFBFBD><C4BC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><D4B1><EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><D0B4>ʱ<EFBFBD>ij<EFBFBD><C4B3>ӳ١<D3B3> 这将使得导航明显提速,因为代价高昂的语法高亮正则表达式不再被使用。你也应该让 Vim 不要使用交换文件和 Vim 信息文件,以避免写入时的长延迟。
``` ```
$ vim -n -u NONE -i NONE -N $ vim -n -u NONE -i NONE -N
``` ```
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֮<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ļ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Vim<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> :\ 简而言之,真的写入超大文件的时候尽量别用 Vim :\

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## <EFBFBD>޷<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ظ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ִ<EFBFBD>е<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ## 无法重复函数中执行的搜索
- һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ؼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʣ<EFBFBD>`/`, `:<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>`, ...<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ı<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ˡ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>õĹؼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʡ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ı<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `/` <20><>ע<EFBFBD><D7A2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFA3BB><CAB9> `:echo @/` <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Դ<EFBFBD>ӡ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> - 一个命令的搜索关键词(`/`, `:代替`, ...)改变了“上一次搜索所用的关键词”。(这个改变保存在 `/` 的注册表里;使用 `:echo @/` 可以打印出来)
- һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>򵥵<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ı<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>޸Ŀ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `.` <20>ٴ<EFBFBD>ִ<EFBFBD>С<EFBFBD><D0A1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ִ<EFBFBD>б<EFBFBD><D0B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `.` <20><>ע<EFBFBD><D7A2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFA3BB><CAB9> `:echo @.` <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Դ<EFBFBD>ӡ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> - 一个简单的文本修改可以用 `.` 再次执行。(这个执行保存在 `.` 的注册表里;使用 `:echo @.` 可以打印出来)
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϲ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>_not_<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ô<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܼ򵥵<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʻ<EFBFBD>ͬʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ı<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>޸ġ<EFBFBD> 如果你在一个函数里做以上操作两件都_not_会是那么回事儿。所以你不能简单地在一个函数里高亮词汇同时再用这个函数做文本修改。
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `:h function-search-undo` 帮助: `:h function-search-undo`

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## ӳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>CapsLock<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ctrl<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ## 映射大写锁定键CapsLock到控制键Ctrl
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>õ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>İ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD>ȿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>װ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 大写锁定键属于键盘上最少用到的按键,但是它要比控制键更加容易按到,
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>λ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ַ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>[<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mhinz/vim-galore/master/contents/images/content-homerow.png)<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 因为它位于你手放在键盘时的[起始行](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mhinz/vim-galore/master/contents/images/content-homerow.png)
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>úܶ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ļ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>CapsLock<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ctrl<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ч<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 如果你敲很多代码的话映射大写锁定键CapsLock到控制键Ctrl可以有效降低
[<EFBFBD>ظ<EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˺<EFBFBD>](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repetitive-Strain-Injury-Syndrom) (ps:Ϊʲô<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> jk ӳ<><D3B3>Ϊ esc<73><63><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> jj<6A><6A><EFBFBD>ظ<EFBFBD><D8B8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͬһ<CDAC><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD>˺<EFBFBD><CBBA>ܴ<EFBFBD>)<29><> [重复使力伤害](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repetitive-Strain-Injury-Syndrom) (ps:为什么将 jk 映射为 esc而不是 jj重复点击同一个按键对手指伤害很大)。
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϰ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ˡ<EFBFBD> 友情提示:当你习惯这个设定后,你就离不开它了。
**OSX**: **OSX**:
`System Preferences -> Keyboard -> Keyboard Tab -> Modifier Keys`. <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `System Preferences -> Keyboard -> Keyboard Tab -> Modifier Keys`. 变更
"CapsLock" Ϊ "Control"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> "CapsLock" "Control"
**Linux**: **Linux**:
Ϊ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ч<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>¼<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>з<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `~/.xmodmap` <EFBFBD>ļ<EFBFBD>: 为了使按键生效,请把以下几行放入 `~/.xmodmap` 文件:
remove Lock = Caps_Lock remove Lock = Caps_Lock
keysym Caps_Lock = Control_L keysym Caps_Lock = Control_L
add Control = Control_L add Control = Control_L
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ֮<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ч<br> `$ xmodmap ~/.xmodmap`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 用以下命令使之生效<br> `$ xmodmap ~/.xmodmap`
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>[caps2esc](https://github.com/oblitum/caps2esc) <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 替代方法有[caps2esc](https://github.com/oblitum/caps2esc) 或者
[xcape](https://github.com/alols/xcape)<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> [xcape](https://github.com/alols/xcape)
**Windows**: **Windows**:
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ο<EFBFBD> [superuser.com: <EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Windows8.1ӳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƽ<EFBFBD>](http://superuser.com/questions/764782/map-caps-lock-to-control-in-windows-8-1)<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 请参看 [superuser.com: Windows8.1映射大写锁定键到控制键](http://superuser.com/questions/764782/map-caps-lock-to-control-in-windows-8-1)

6
chapter/newline-used-for-nul.md Executable file → Normal file
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## NUL <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>б<EFBFBD>ʾ ## NUL 符用新行表示
<EFBFBD>ļ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>е<EFBFBD> NUL <20><> <20><>`\0`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڴ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>б<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>У<EFBFBD>`\n`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ռ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʾΪ `^@`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 文件中的 NUL 符 `\0`),在内存中被以新行(`\n`)保存,在缓存空间中显示为 `^@`
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ο<EFBFBD> `man 7 ascii` <EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `:h NL-used-for-Nul` <EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 更多信息请参看 `man 7 ascii` `:h NL-used-for-Nul`

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## <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ò<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ## 内置插件
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܶ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˵<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϣ<EFBFBD>Vim<EFBFBD>Լ<EFBFBD>Ĭ<EFBFBD>ϼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˴<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ѵIJ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Vim <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>`:scriptnames`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>м<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ص<EFBFBD>Դ<EFBFBD>ļ<EFBFBD> 出乎很多人的意料Vim自己默认加载了大把大把的插件。启动 Vim 后,用`:scriptnames`查看所有加载的源文件
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Щ<EFBFBD>ļ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Զ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>õ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>²<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 这些文件多数永远不会被用到,所以请禁止如你所见的以下插件。
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Щ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ծɻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Դ<EFBFBD>ļ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>г<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǵ<EFBFBD>Vim<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֻ<EFBFBD>е<EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD>лᱻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȡ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֮<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ã<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>־<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ִ<EFBFBD>С<EFBFBD> 这些插件仍旧会在源文件列出但是当Vim启动时只有第一行会被读取而之后的配置命令和日志都不会执行。
| <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> | <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> | <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> | | 插件 | 禁用 | 帮助 |
|------------|-------------------------------------|------| |------------|-------------------------------------|------|
| 2html | `let g:loaded_2html_plugin = 1` | `:h 2html` | | 2html | `let g:loaded_2html_plugin = 1` | `:h 2html` |
| getscript | `let g:loaded_getscriptPlugin = 1` | `:h pi_getscript` | | getscript | `let g:loaded_getscriptPlugin = 1` | `:h pi_getscript` |

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## Vim <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ü<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ## Vim 配置集合
Vim <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ü<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɶ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֲ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Լ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>õ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϡ<EFBFBD> Vim 配置集合是集成多多种插件以及相关配置的组合。
<EFBFBD>߽<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>û<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֪<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ι<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Լ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ı<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ü<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Գ<EFBFBD>ѧ<EFBFBD>ߡ<EFBFBD> 高阶用户总是知道如何构建自己的编辑器,所以配置集合一般是针对初学者。
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ԣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ô<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֤<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܶ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ķ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ѧϰ Vim <20>Ƿ<EFBFBD><C7B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ø<EFBFBD><C3B8>Ӽ򵥡<D3BC> 如果你想要尝试,那么将面临一个辩证的想法:加入很多额外的东西来学习 Vim 是否会让这变得更加简单。
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֪<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܶ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˲<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ñ༭<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>סʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͻͣ<EFBFBD>ػ<EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Լ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> vimrc<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 我知道很多人不想在配置编辑器上花过多时间(但实际上,当你卡住时,你就会不停地花时间定制自己的 vimrc
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ˣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Լʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ô<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȥ<EFBFBD>˽<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ѧϰ Vim ԭ<><D4AD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܣ<EFBFBD>ֻ<EFBFBD><D6BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>л<EFBFBD><D0BB> 因此,想要节约时间,那么就因该真正的去了解和学习 Vim 原生功能,只有这样你才能中获益。
<EFBFBD>ٴ<EFBFBD>ǿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD>£<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ԱӦ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ĺ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ߡ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 再次强调一下:“一个程序员应当懂得他的工具”。
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֮<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֪<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Լ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʲô<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܴ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>¼<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Vim <20><><EFBFBD>ü<EFBFBD><C3BC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>л<EFBFBD><D0BB><EFBFBD>һЩ<D2BB><D0A9><EFBFBD>С<EFBFBD> 总之,如果你知道自己在做什么,你也许能从以下几个 Vim 配置集合中获得一些灵感。
- [cream](http://cream.sourceforge.net) - [cream](http://cream.sourceforge.net)
- [janus](https://github.com/carlhuda/janus.git) - [janus](https://github.com/carlhuda/janus.git)

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## Ϊʲô<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>hjkl<EFBFBD>ƶ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ## 为什么用hjkl移动光标
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> [Bill Joy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Joy) <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>[vi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi)<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Vim <EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǰ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ, <20><><EFBFBD>Ĺ<EFBFBD><C4B9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ̨[ADM-3A](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ADM-3A)<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɵģ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>û<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ñ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ļ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ƹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>µ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> hjkl <20><>Ϊ<EFBFBD><CEAA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƽ<EFBFBD><C6BC><EFBFBD> [Bill Joy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Joy) 创建[vi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi)Vim 的前身时, 他的工作是在一台[ADM-3A](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ADM-3A)完成的,而这个机器没有用别的键控制光标,而正是如你猜到的 hjkl 作为光标控制键。
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>̲<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>: [<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mhinz/vim-galore/master/contents/images/content-adm-3a-layout.jpg) 键盘布局: [请点击](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mhinz/vim-galore/master/contents/images/content-adm-3a-layout.jpg)
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊʲô Unix ϵͳ<CFB5><CDB3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>`~`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ŀ¼<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 这也告诉了我们为什么 Unix 系统会以`~`代表主目录。